EMQ

EMQ — Extended Matching Question · Review

Question 244

Delivery suite → Haemorrhage

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Classification

Speciality

Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Group

Clinical

Title

Delivery suite

Topic

Haemorrhage

Subtopic 1

Antepartum haemorrhage

Subtopic 2

Placental abruption

Subtopic 3

Risk assessment

Question Type

EMQ

Question

EEMQ

Question Header

Question Stem

A 26-year-old primigravida at 28 weeks asks whether placental abruption can be reliably predicted in advance. She has no previous pregnancy history, does not smoke, has normal blood pressure and fetal growth is appropriate. She has read a list of recognised epidemiological risk factors and assumes that severe abruption should therefore be largely confined to women identified as high risk during antenatal care. The clinician explains the limitations of risk-factor-based prediction.

Answer Bank

A Absence of recognised risk factors effectively excludes placental abruption

B Risk-factor screening identifies almost all women who will subsequently experience abruption

C Placental abruption occurs only in women with hypertensive disease or fetal growth restriction

D A normal anomaly scan excludes later placental abruption

E Approximately 70% of abruptions occur in pregnancies classified as low risk, limiting the effectiveness of prediction based on risk factors alone

F Abruption can be predicted accurately by maternal age and parity alone

G Universal thrombophilia screening provides an efficient prediction model for abruption

H Ultrasound screening for retroplacental clot in asymptomatic women reliably predicts subsequent abruption

Correct Answer

E. Approximately 70% of abruptions occur in pregnancies classified as low risk, limiting the effectiveness of prediction based on risk factors alone

Explanation

Although numerous associations with placental abruption are recognised, prediction remains inefficient because a large proportion of cases occur in women considered low risk. Approximately 70% of abruptions occur in low-risk pregnancies. Risk factors therefore inform clinical awareness but cannot be used as an effective rule-out strategy or as a reliable population prediction model.

Option Validity

A) Abruption may occur in the absence of recognised antenatal risk factors.

B) Risk-factor screening has limited predictive efficiency and does not identify almost all future cases.

C) Hypertensive disease and fetal growth restriction are associations, not prerequisites.

D) A normal anomaly scan does not exclude development of a later placental abruption.

F) Maternal age and parity alone cannot accurately predict abruption.

G) Thrombophilia associations are insufficient to make universal screening an efficient predictive strategy.

H) Routine ultrasound screening for an asymptomatic retroplacental clot is not a reliable prediction strategy.

Source & metrics

Authored Difficulty

4.00

Evaluation Score

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Destination

eBook

Source

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Source Section

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Source Locator

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Updated

2026-10-06 01:57:35

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