EMQ

EMQ — Extended Matching Question · Review

Question 271

Delivery suite → Haemorrhage

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Type EEMQ

UUID eb1c4a36-9ceb-4d1d-8fd3-6a98418c44ac

Classification

Speciality

Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Group

Clinical

Title

Delivery suite

Topic

Haemorrhage

Subtopic 1

Antepartum haemorrhage

Subtopic 2

General

Subtopic 3

Recurrent APH definition

Question Type

EMQ

Question

EEMQ

Question Header

Question Stem

A 28-year-old primigravida has a 15 mL painless vaginal bleed at 29+1 weeks. Assessment is reassuring and the bleeding stops. At 31+3 weeks she has another discrete episode of approximately 30 mL fresh bleeding, again followed by complete cessation. Placental localisation is normal and no local cervical lesion is identified. At 33+0 weeks she presents with a third discrete episode. The clinician is documenting the temporal pattern of APH rather than its aetiology.

Answer Bank

A Massive APH

B Concealed APH

C Persistent APH

D Sentinel haemorrhage

E Minor APH only, because separate episodes cannot be grouped

F Primary postpartum haemorrhage

G Intrapartum haemorrhage

H Recurrent APH, because there have been more than one discrete episodes of bleeding

Correct Answer

H. Recurrent APH, because there have been more than one discrete episodes of bleeding

Explanation

The important feature is the occurrence of separate episodes of APH with cessation between them. This constitutes recurrent APH. The terminology describes the temporal pattern and is distinct from severity or underlying cause. Each individual episode may be relatively small, but recurrence remains clinically relevant to subsequent risk assessment and care.

Option Validity

A) The described blood-loss volumes and stable clinical state do not constitute massive haemorrhage.

B) The bleeding is externally visible rather than described as concealed.

C) Persistent bleeding implies continuing bleeding rather than separate episodes with complete cessation.

D) Sentinel haemorrhage is not the appropriate temporal classification requested here.

E) Small individual volumes do not prevent the overall pattern being classified as recurrent.

F) The bleeding occurs antenatally, not after birth.

G) These episodes occur before labour and are not intrapartum haemorrhage.

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Updated

2026-10-06 01:57:35

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