Antepartum haemorrhage – maternal assessment and severity

A 32-year-old woman at 34 weeks presents with painless vaginal bleeding. She is haemodynamically stable and the fetal heart rate is normal. The placental location has not previously been documented. Which examination should be avoided until placenta praevia has been excluded?

A woman at 35 weeks presents after an estimated 700 mL antepartum blood loss. She has no clinical signs of shock. How should this haemorrhage be classified?

A woman at 34+6 weeks presents with her first episode of moderate painless vaginal bleeding. She is haemodynamically stable and the CTG is reassuring. Her anomaly scan report is unavailable and placental location cannot be confirmed from the records. Speculum examination shows blood in the vagina but no obvious cervical lesion. The cervix appears closed. Which is the most appropriate next step in assessing the genital tract?

Select the single most appropriate interpretation of haemorrhage severity.

Select the single most appropriate classification of this antepartum haemorrhage.

Select the single most appropriate overall clinical assessment principle.

Select the single most appropriate principle when assessing haemorrhage severity.