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General Pathology — Thrombosis, Pulmonary Embolism and Shock

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Additional Insight #39

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Thrombosis results from interacting abnormalities rather than a single coagulation defect: endothelial injury, platelet activation, coagulation, abnormal flow and hypercoagulability converge to permit pathological thrombus formation.
Lines of Zahn provide mechanistic information because their alternating layers reflect deposition while blood is flowing.
Organisation and resolution are fundamentally different thrombus outcomes: fibrinolysis removes thrombus, whereas organisation incorporates persisting thrombus into reparative tissue associated with the vessel wall.
Pulmonary embolism produces a perfusion defect before a ventilation defect; an affected region may remain ventilated while perfusion is lost, explaining the characteristic ventilation–perfusion mismatch.
Hypovolaemic and cardiogenic shock both impair tissue perfusion but begin from different haemodynamic defects: hypovolaemia reduces circulating volume and venous return, whereas cardiogenic shock reflects failure of cardiac output without primary volume loss.
Shock can become self-amplifying as reduced perfusion produces hypoxia and acidosis, worsening cellular and vascular dysfunction and permitting progression from reversible to irreversible shock.
ARDS in severe septic shock follows pulmonary microvascular injury rather than simple fluid overload, with increased permeability, oedema, increased pulmonary vascular resistance, impaired oxygenation, atelectasis and shunting.

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46b3377c-c507-4b88-810a-c755b55e47e5

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Classification Relationships — through Subtopic3

6 assigned

Obstetrics and Gynaecology→ Basic→ Pathology→ General→ Shock→ General principles→ Pathophysiology

Obstetrics and Gynaecology→ Basic→ Pathology→ General→ Shock→ Septic→ Organ injury

Obstetrics and Gynaecology→ Basic→ Pathology→ General→ Shock→ Septic→ Pathophysiology

Obstetrics and Gynaecology→ Basic→ Pathology→ General→ Vascular pathology→ Thromboembolism→ Pulmonary embolism

Obstetrics and Gynaecology→ Basic→ Pathology→ General→ Vascular pathology→ Thrombosis→ Fate

Obstetrics and Gynaecology→ Basic→ Pathology→ General→ Vascular pathology→ Thrombosis→ Pathogenesis

General Pathology — Thrombosis, Pulmonary Embolism and Shock

Additional Insight #39

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Classification Relationships — through Subtopic3

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